Medical Dermatology
Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss on the scalp and other parts of the body. In individuals with this condition, the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles, which are structures in the skin from which hair grows. This attack leads to hair loss in small, round patches.
The exact cause of alopecia areata is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is considered an autoimmune condition because the immune system, which is supposed to protect the body from foreign invaders, mistakenly targets its own cells—specifically, the hair follicles in the case of alopecia areata.
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